ADHD

Screening with an ADHD-specific rating scale in preschoolers. A cross-cultural comparison of the Early Childhood Inventory-4

The Early Childhood Inventory-4 (ECI-4) Hyperactivity-Impulsivity (HI) and Inattention (IA) subscales are screeners for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There have been few studies of the screening properties of these subscales, …

Diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder among children in Norway

BACKGROUND. Hyperkinetic disorder is one of the most frequently used psychiatric diagnoses among children and adolescents in Norway. It has previously been shown that use of the diagnosis varies widely by county. MATERIAL AND METHOD. We estimated the …

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Preschoolers. The Accuracy of a Short Screener

OBJECTIVE. Although early and accurate screening is required for the remediation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), possible gender differences have not been extensively studied. We examined the classification accuracy of the parent …

The drift diffusion model as the choice rule in reinforcement learning

Current reinforcement-learning models often assume simplified decision processes that do not fully reflect the dynamic complexities of choice processes. Conversely, sequential-sampling models of decision making account for both choice accuracy and …

Increased default-mode variability is related to reduced task-performance and is evident in adults with ADHD

Insufficient suppression and connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) is a potential mediator of cognitive dysfunctions across various disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it remains unclear if …

Modelling ADHD. a review of ADHD theories through their predictions for computational models of decision-making and reinforcement learning

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by altered Decision-making (DM) and reinforcement learning (RL), for which competing theories propose alternative explanations. Computational modelling contributes to understanding DM …

The influence of maternal dietary exposure to dioxins and PCBs during pregnancy on ADHD symptoms and cognitive functions in Norwegian preschool children

BACKGROUND. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (dioxins) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with potentially adverse impact on child neurodevelopment. Whether the potential detrimental effects …

ADHD i Norge. En statusrapport

A meta-analysis of decision-making and attention in adults with ADHD

OBJECTIVE. Deficient reward processing has gained attention as an important aspect of ADHD, but little is known about reward-based decision-making (DM) in adults with ADHD. This article summarizes research on DM in adult ADHD and contextualizes DM …

Convergent and discriminant validity of psychiatric symptoms reported in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study at age 3 years with independent clinical assessment in the Longitudinal ADHD Cohort Study

Epidemiological studies often use parent questionnaires to assess children's development and mental health. To date, few studies have investigated the validity of parent questionnaires with standardized clinical assessments as criterion. The current …